Combustion cell gas burner



July 21, 1953 E. E. TAVENER COMBUSTION CELL GAS BURNER Filed March 19, 1949 Patented July 21, 1953 COMBUSTION CELL GAS'BURNER Ernest Edward Tavener, London, England, as-

signor to Keith Blackman Limited, London, England, a company of Great Britain Application March 19, 1949, Serial No. 82,310 In Great Britain April 20, 1948 1 Claim. 1

This invention relates to burners adapted to burn aeriform fuel, such as coal gas or a vapour, for example from paraffin, induced by an air blast injector or other means and fed under pressure to the burner inlet.

Such burners may be used for burning vapour for heating bakers ovens and the like, generally in places where a supply of combustible gas is not available or where ordinary oilburners cannot be satisfactorily used.

For convenience, the fuel is hereafter referred to as gas.

Rich gases, including those derived from oil, have slowburning characteristics, and it is therefore necessary that, when such gases are used as fuel, the velocity of the combustible mixture tion of flow through thenozzle and for preheating of the air and gas mixture.

The present invention consists essentially in a burner nozzle having an internal chamber provided with restriction-forming inlet orifices and with restriction-forming outlet orifices, which diverge from one another, said outlet orifices directing the air-gas mixture passing therethrough against the internal walls of a mouthforming chamber within and from which combustion proceeds.

The burner nozzle may be of metal or/and a refractory.

In the accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 is a transverse section showing one of a set of burner nozzles tapped into a manifold connected to the supply of combustible mixture. Figs. 2 and 3 illustrate modified forms of burner nozzle.

Referring to Fig. 1, the part of the burner nozzle l within the manifold 2 is fitted with an internal baflie member 3, preferably screw-threaded into said part, and formed with a set of orifices bl discharging into a chamber 5 within the burner nozzle, against the roof or end wall '6 of which chamber 5 the mixture issuing from the orifices l impinges. The said roof or end wall 6 may be integral with or thermally connected with that part of the burner nozzle projecting beyond the divergent orifices 1.

. 2 manifold 2 and is formed with a set of relatively The two-stage restriction presented by the two sets of orifices 4 and 1 reduces the exit velocity to an extent depending on the areas of the respective sets of orifices. Deflection of the mixture by the roof or end wall 6 and the spreading of the jets discharged through the orifices l and impinging on the internal wall of a mouth-forming chamber 3 further retard the mixture, so that its exit velocity is sufficiently slow for combustion, and the flame will hang on." Combustion proceeds within and from the chamber 8.

It is well known that preheating increases the rate of burning, and the impingement on the hot surface of the roof or end wall 6 and on the hot internal wall of the chamber 8 provides a useful amount of preheating.

When turned down, a burner is liable to light back or strike back and thus to ignite the mixture in the manifold and the piping to the point of admixture of the air and gas. With the use of the burner described, this liability is considerably reduced in that the restriction orifices would tend to quench any reversely directed flame.

The orifices 4 may be round orifices or may be in the form of slots as in the burner nozzle illustrated in Fig. 2 in which slots 4' replace the orifices 4 illustrated in Fig. 1.

The invention contemplates the use of a metallic burner nozzle with a refractory lining, as 9,

, within the mouth-forming chamber, illustrated in Fig. 3. The lining 9 becomes hotter than the metal and thus accelerates combustion. It is thus possible to permit higher velocity of the mixture issuing from they orifices 4 and I. The lining 9 also protects the metal and lengthens the life of the nozzle.

What is claimed is:

A burner nozzle for gaseous fuels having a mouth-forming chamber with a side wall within and'from which chamber combustion proceeds,

ERNEST EDWARD TAVENER.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date Levey et a1 Aug. 17, 1926 Hess Mar. 19, 1935 Olsen 1 June 25, 1935 Hess Jan. 9, 1945 Berger 1 Sept. 16, 1947 McGlaughlin Mar. 15, 1949 Scharbau et a1 June 6, 1950 Stadler June 13, 1950 Stadler Oct. 10, 1950 

